// Fig. 12.5: Properties.cs
// Stack unwinding and Exception class properties.
// Demonstrates using properties Message, StackTrace and InnerException.
using System;

class Properties
{
   static void Main()
   {
      // call Method1; any Exception generated is caught
      // in the catch block that follows
      try
      {
         Method1();
      } // end try
      catch ( Exception exceptionParameter )
      {
         // output the string representation of the Exception, then output
         // properties InnerException, Message and StackTrace
         Console.WriteLine( "exceptionParameter.ToString: \n{0}\n",
            exceptionParameter.ToString() );
         Console.WriteLine( "exceptionParameter.Message: \n{0}\n",
            exceptionParameter.Message );
         Console.WriteLine( "exceptionParameter.StackTrace: \n{0}\n", 
            exceptionParameter.StackTrace );
         Console.WriteLine( "exceptionParameter.InnerException: \n{0}\n",
            exceptionParameter.InnerException.ToString() );
      } // end catch
   } // end method Main

   // calls Method2
   static void Method1()
   {
      Method2();
   } // end method Method1

   // calls Method3
   static void Method2()
   {
      Method3();
   } // end method Method2

   // throws an Exception containing an InnerException
   static void Method3()
   {
      // attempt to convert string to int
      try
      {
         Convert.ToInt32( "Not an integer" );
      } // end try
      catch ( FormatException formatExceptionParameter )
      {
         // wrap FormatException in new Exception
         throw new Exception( "Exception occurred in Method3", 
            formatExceptionParameter );
      } // end catch
   } // end method Method3
} // end class Properties

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